Bitter almonds, known for their distinct flavor and aroma, are a variety of almonds that contain amygdalin, a compound that gives them their bitter taste. While bitter almonds are not commonly consumed as a snack due to their toxic nature, they are used in small amounts to flavor foods and beverages, particularly in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cuisines.
There are several varieties of bitter almonds, each with its own unique characteristics and uses. Here are some of the most well-known varieties:
Amara Almonds: Also known as wild almonds, amara almonds are native to the Middle East and Mediterranean regions. They have a strong, bitter flavor and are primarily used in the production of almond oil and almond extract. Amara almonds are not typically consumed raw due to their bitter taste and potential toxicity.
Mandelonitrile Almonds: Mandelonitrile almonds are a variety that contains higher levels of amygdalin compared to other types of bitter almonds. They are primarily used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of amygdalin, which is used in alternative medicine practices. Mandelonitrile almonds are not suitable for consumption due to their high toxicity levels.
Bitterette Almonds: Bitterette almonds are a hybrid variety that has been bred to contain lower levels of amygdalin, making them less bitter and potentially safer for consumption in small quantities. They are often used in culinary applications where a hint of bitterness is desired, such as in almond-flavored pastries and desserts.
Grisette Almonds: Grisette almonds are another hybrid variety that combines the flavor of sweet almonds with the slight bitterness of bitter almonds. They are commonly used in baking and confectionery to add depth of flavor to dishes without overpowering sweetness.
Jordan Almonds: Jordan almonds, also known as sugared almonds, are a variety of bitter almonds that have been coated in a hard candy shell. They are popular as a wedding or party favor and are often served at special occasions. Despite their name, Jordan almonds are not exclusive to Jordan and are enjoyed in many countries around the world.
It's important to note that bitter almonds contain cyanogenic glycosides, which can release cyanide when metabolized by the body. Consuming large quantities of bitter almonds or products containing bitter almonds can be toxic and even fatal. Therefore, it is crucial to use bitter almonds sparingly and in accordance with recommended guidelines.
