Cultivating spelt at home can be a fulfilling experience that provides you with a fresh and nutritious grain right from your backyard. With the right care and attention to detail, you can enjoy the satisfaction of growing your own spelt while reaping the nutritional benefits of this ancient grain. Whether you have a large garden or just a few containers on a balcony, spelt cultivation is a viable and rewarding endeavor.

Spelt (Triticum spelta) is an ancient grain with a rich history dating back thousands of years. Its popularity has surged in recent times due to its nutritional benefits and versatility in the kitchen. While spelt is commercially cultivated, growing it at home can be a rewarding and sustainable endeavor. This article provides a comprehensive guide to cultivating spelt in your backyard or even in containers.

Getting Started:

1. Selecting the Right Spelt Variety:

   • Choose a spelt variety suitable for your climate and region. Common varieties include Oberkulmer, Zollernspelz, and Franckenkorn.
   • Check with local agricultural extension services or nurseries for recommendations on the best spelt varieties for your area.

2. Preparing the Soil:

   • Spelt thrives in well-drained, fertile soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (around 6.0 to 7.5).
   • Prior to planting, amend the soil with organic matter such as compost to enhance its fertility.

Planting Spelt:

1. Timing and Sowing:

   • Spelt is typically planted in the fall, as it benefits from exposure to cold temperatures during the winter months.
   • Sow spelt seeds directly into the soil, about 2 inches apart and 1 to 2 inches deep. Ensure adequate spacing to allow for proper growth.

2. Watering:

   • Spelt requires consistent moisture, especially during the germination and early growth stages.
   • Water the plants regularly, keeping the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.

Caring for Spelt:

1. Fertilizing:

   • Use a balanced organic fertilizer during the growing season to provide essential nutrients.
   • Side-dress the plants with compost or well-rotted manure when they are about 6 to 8 inches tall.

2. Weeding:

   • Keep the planting area free from weeds, as they can compete with spelt for nutrients and sunlight.

3. Disease and Pest Management:

   • Spelt is relatively resistant to pests and diseases. However, monitor the plants for any signs of issues and take prompt action if necessary.
   • Companion planting with herbs like mint or basil can help deter pests.

Harvesting and Storage:

1. Determining Harvest Time:

   • Harvest spelt when the kernels are fully formed and the plants have turned golden brown.
   • Cut the plants at the base using a scythe or sickle.

2. Threshing and Cleaning:

   • Separate the grains from the stalks through threshing. This can be done by beating the plants or using a mechanical thresher.
   • Clean the grains by winnowing or using a fan to remove any chaff or debris.

3. Storage:

   • Store spelt grains in a cool, dry place in airtight containers to prevent moisture and pests.

Benefits of Growing Spelt at Home:

• Nutritional Value: Spelt is rich in essential nutrients, including fiber, protein, and various vitamins and minerals.
• Sustainability: Home cultivation reduces the environmental impact associated with commercially grown crops.
• Control Over Inputs: Growing spelt at home allows you to control the use of pesticides and fertilizers, promoting organic and sustainable practices.