Alexander's Seeds, also known as Alexander's Great, are a fascinating addition to any garden. With their rich history, unique appearance, and versatility, these plants have captured the attention of gardeners worldwide. In this article, we'll delve into the various varieties of Alexander's Seeds, exploring their characteristics, cultivation tips, and the joy they bring to gardening enthusiasts.

1. Classic Alexander's Seeds (Smyrnium olusatrum):
   The classic variety of Alexander's Seeds, Smyrnium olusatrum, is a hardy biennial herbaceous plant native to the Mediterranean region. It features glossy, dark green, divided leaves and umbels of small, yellow-green flowers. This variety is prized for its culinary and medicinal uses, with a flavor reminiscent of celery and parsley. It thrives in well-drained soil and partial shade, making it an excellent addition to herb gardens.

2. Golden Alexander's Seeds (Zizia aurea):
   Zizia aurea, commonly known as Golden Alexander, is a native North American perennial with clusters of bright yellow flowers. This variety blooms in late spring to early summer, attracting pollinators such as bees and butterflies. Golden Alexander's Seeds are valued for their ornamental appeal and ability to thrive in a variety of soil types, including moist, well-drained conditions. They are ideal for naturalizing in meadows or woodland gardens.

3. Black Alexander's Seeds (Smyrnium perfoliatum):
   Smyrnium perfoliatum, or Black Alexander, is a lesser-known variety of Alexander's Seeds distinguished by its dark purple stems and foliage. Native to southern Europe and western Asia, this biennial or perennial plant produces umbels of tiny yellow flowers in spring. Black Alexander's Seeds are valued for their striking appearance and adaptability to a wide range of growing conditions, including full sun to partial shade.

4. White Alexander's Seeds (Smyrnium rotundifolium):
   Smyrnium rotundifolium, commonly referred to as White Alexander, is a herbaceous perennial native to the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa. This variety is characterized by its rounded, leathery leaves and delicate white flowers borne in umbels. White Alexander's Seeds are prized for their ornamental value and suitability for rock gardens or alpine plantings. They prefer well-drained, alkaline soil and a sunny position.

5. Alexander's Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea):
   Senecio jacobaea, also known as Alexander's Ragwort, is a biennial or short-lived perennial native to Europe and western Asia. Unlike other Alexander's Seeds varieties, it belongs to the Senecio genus and features clusters of bright yellow, daisy-like flowers atop tall stems. Although considered invasive in some regions, Alexander's Ragwort is valued for its ornamental appeal and ability to thrive in poor, disturbed soils.

Cultivation Tips:

• Alexander's Seeds varieties generally prefer well-drained soil and partial to full sun.
• Sow seeds directly in the garden in spring or fall, depending on the variety and local climate.
• Provide adequate water during establishment but avoid waterlogging the soil.
• Mulch around plants to conserve moisture and suppress weeds.
• Deadhead spent flowers to promote continuous blooming and prevent self-seeding where not desired.
• Divide perennial varieties every few years to maintain vigor and prevent overcrowding.